Middle School Curriculum

 

SOCIAL STUDIES

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Central Valley School District #356

19307 E Cataldo

Greenacres,  WA  99016

(509) 228-5420

 

Table of Contents

SOCIAL STUDIES

 

 

 

Curriculum Considerations…………………………………………..…….A

 

Social Studies Frameworks………………………………………………..B-C

 

Middle School Curriculum…………………………………………………..D

 

 

 

 

                                                 FRAMEWORKS

 

Grade 6 – SOCIAL STUDIES ……………………………………….. 1-8

 

Grade 7 – UNITED STATES HISTORY………………………. 9-16

 

Grade 8 – WASHINGTON STATE HISTORY &

             GOVERNMENT…………………………………………………17-22

 

            U.S. HISTORY (1850-1900)……………………….23-24

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CURRICULUM CONSIDERATIONS

 

PORTRAIT OF A CENTRAL VALLEY STUDENT

 

  • skilled knowledgeable learner
  • effective communicator
  • self-directed learner
  • collaborative learner
  • quality worker/producer
  • complex thinker
  • community contributor

 

ACADEMIC COMMITTEE GUIDING PRINCIPLES

 

  • All content areas represented in the Washington State Essential Academic Learning Requirements will be included in the academic program.
  • Reading, writing, communication and mathematics will be integrated and taught in all content areas.
  • All curriculum and courses will be designed to and defined by specific EALRs and benchmarks.
  • Sequencing of Central Valley courses/curricular content will be aligned with district and state assessments.
  • Classroom-based assessment reflecting WASL format will be directed toward Essential Academic Learning Standards (state benchmarks).
  • To pass a class or earn credit, a student must demonstrate through classroom-based assessment that the course outcomes have been met.
  • Reporting to parents and students of student progress related to the EALRs will take place at regular intervals.
  • Decisions about the specific use of resources will be site based and in compliance with district, state, and federal guidelines.

 

 

A


SOCIAL STUDIES FRAMEWORK

MIDDLE SCHOOL/GRADES 6-8

 

The teaching and learning of social studies is best served by being purposeful and deliberative.  Social studies is the exploration of how people interact with their social, cultural, and physical worlds.  It enables students to evaluate historical and contemporary issues, understand global relationships, and make connections between past, present, and future.  Through the perspectives of history, the interactions of people and places in geography, the lessons of rule of law in civics, and the economies of society, social studies gives students the knowledge and skills they need to participate as responsible and effective citizens in an increasingly complex world.

 

Assumptions of the Middle School Framework:

·        Civic efficacy:  The fundamental purpose of social studies is to develop civic efficacy for a democratic society.

·        Integrative learning:  The study of the social studies is an integrative process, bringing together the disciplines of history, geography, civics and economics, as appropriate, to inform a topic of study.  Using reading, writing, listening, and speaking processes to create meaning and shared understandings of the social studies is essential for authentic learning.  Through the social studies, students develop meaning and shared understandings of the social studies is essential for authentic learning.  Through the social studies, students develop the ability to think analytically, logically, and creatively.  Students also learn to integrate experience and knowledge to form reasoned judgments and solve problems in an increasingly complex world.

·        Construct knowledge:  Students should construct deep understanding of the social world rather than simply reproducing information.  Social studies learning must be authentic to the students’ life experiences and have application to the world in which they live.

·        Meeting the needs of all learners:  Active learning is essential for culturally diverse classrooms and students with varying academic skills.  Moreover, building meaningful social relationships and skills for civic discourse and cooperative learning enable students from diverse backgrounds to work together in meaningful relationships.  The social studies should enable students to view concepts, issues, events, and themes from the perspectives of diverse ethnic and cultural groups.

 

B

·        Guiding questions:  Guiding questions in the framework provide a focus of study to develop conceptual understandings from the Essential Academic Learning Requirements.  Students then express their understanding through writing, speaking, the arts, integrative projects, and other forms appropriate to the top of study. 

 

·        Depth of study:  A focus on a few topics of study at each grade level allows for in-depth development of a topic and allows for teachers to introduce other topics of study to address specific needs and interests of the particular classroom and local district.

 

·        Interactive:  The purpose of the framework is to encourage substantive development of conceptual understandings revisited from one grade level to another from varying perspectives.  For example, understanding rights and responsibilities as a citizen in a democratic society is presented from the perspective of respect for others within the topic of family to how citizens can make a difference as members of a community.  Understanding of these concepts is revisited at fifth grade as students relate theses concepts to the founding of our nation.

 

 

C

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

SOCIAL STUDIES

Middle School Curriculum

 

Grade 6         WORLD STUDIES

 

                        Pre-History to 600

                        River Civilizations

                        Ancient China

                        Ancient Greece/Rome

                        Islamic Civilization

                        Africa

 

Grade 7         UNITED STATES HISTORY 1400-1800

 

                        Europe

                        Meso America

                        Exploration

                        Revolution

                        Constitution

                        New Nation

                        Expansion/Reform

 

Grade 8         WASHINGTON STATE HISTORY

 

                        Washington State History

                        Japan and the Pacific Rim

                        Washington State Government

                        U.S. History (1850-1900)

                                Civil War

                                Industrialization

 

All courses will address the Washington State EALRs.

(Geography, History, Civics, and Economics)

 

D

 

 

Sixth Grade – World History (Pre-History to 600)

How did the physical geography contribute to the political, economic, and cultural development of a particular civilization?

What stimulated the movement of goods, people, and ideas?

How did religion and government exercise authority over the people?

How and why did the rule of law develop in ancient civilizations?

What contributions did ancient civilizations make, past and present?

River Civilizations:  Mesopotamia, Egypt, Kush

  • Chart, Compare, and Contrast the following for each of these civilizations

 

 

 

 

EALRs

  • Explain why early civilizations developed in river valleys and how the river affected daily life and culture
  • Explain how farming and herding changed human lifestyles
  • Explain how barter and, later, money affected trade
  • Analyze how beliefs were reflected in cultural expression
  • Describe what type of government developed and what authority it had on the daily lives of people
  • Analyze how and why codes and laws were developed
  • Describe the achievements of each particular culture in the arts, government, and technology

Geography

G3.2.2a Explain how the physical environment impacts how and where people live and work (Human/Environment Interaction, Region, Place, Movement)

G3.1.2a Analyze the different ways people use the environment, identify the consequences of use, and consider possible alternatives

Economics

E3.2.2b Understand that money as a medium of exchange serves as a temporary store of value

E3.2.2c Describe how money facilitates transactions by decreasing costs

E2.1.2a Understand that when trade occurs, people benefit and have a broader range of choices

Civics and History

C2.3.2a Explain how various forms of government have different effects on the lives of people

H2.2.2 Interpret how changing technologies have shaped ideas and attitudes and analyze the impact of ideas and technological development on society and culture

WH 1.2.2 Compare and contrast elements of culture (e.g., society and government, economy, technology, arts, ideas and beliefs, in the following contexts:  River Civilizations)

 

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Sixth Grade – World History (Pre-History to 600)

How did the physical geography contribute to the political, economic, and cultural development of a particular civilization?

What stimulated the movement of goods, people, and ideas?

What type of government developed and what authority did it exercise over the daily lives of the people?

What contributions did this civilization make, past and present?

Ancient China

EALR’s

·         Describe the impact of physical geography on the development of China and its culture

·         Explain the economic and cultural effects of silk road trade

·         Describe the government and bureaucracy that developed in China and its impact on the lives of the people

·         Summarize China’s contributions in the arts, literature, and science

·        Describe how Chinese philosophy reflected its culture

Geography

G3.2.2a Explain how the physical environment impacts how and where people live and work

Economics

E2.1.2c Understand that when trade occurs internationally, many people in each country benefit and have a broader range of choices

Civics

C2.3.2b Describe a variety of forms of government

C2.3.2c Explain how various forms of government have different effects on the lives of people

History

H2.2.2 Interpret how changing technologies have shaped ideas and attitudes; analyze the impact of ideas and technological developments on society and culture

WH1.2.2 Compare and contrast elements of culture (e.g., society and government, economy, technology, arts, ideas and beliefs, in the following context:  Ancient China

 

 

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Sixth Grade – World History (Pre-History to 600)

How did the physical geography contribute to the political, economic, and cultural development of each of these civilizations?

What contributions were made by the Greek and Roman civilizations?

What stimulated the movement of goods, people, and ideas?

How were the governments structured and how did they exercise authority?

Greece and Rome

EALRs

·         Examine the role of physical geography in the growth and development of Greece

·         Analyze the expansion of Greek language and culture and their impact on neighboring peoples

·         Explain how physical geography affected the growth and development of Roman civilization

·         Describe the experiences of different groups in Roman society during the Roman Empire

·         Create a timeline to illustrate major events in the history of the Greek civilization

·         Illustrate the contributions of Greek civilization in the arts, literature, government, science, and philosophy

·         Describe the factors that enabled Rome to expand and dominate and what ultimately led to its demise

·         Identify the ideas and other aspects of culture the Romans borrowed from the Greeks

·         Analyze the importance of trade in the Greek Empire

·         Describe how the elaborate system of Roman roads influenced trade and culture

·         Examine the important aspects of Greek democracy and their influence then and now

·         Analyze the structure and principles of the Roman Republic and why it did not last

Geography

G3.2.2a Explain how the physical environment impacts how and where people live and work

G3.3.2a Identify the main groups and subcultures that exist within large societies and the ways they interact

G3.3.2c Identify how people develop their understanding of culture through the exchange of ideas, art, music, natural resources, and goods and services

Civics and Economics

C2.3.2b Describe a variety of forms of government

C2.3.2c Explain how various forms of government have different effects on the lives of people

E2.1.2c Understand that when trade occurs internationally, many people in each country benefit and have a broader range of choices

History

H1.1.2a Group events and individuals by broadly defined historical eras and develop related timelines

H1.3.2 Examine the development of different cultures in world history

H2.2.2 Interpret how changing technologies have shaped ideas and attitudes; analyze the impact of ideas and technological developments on society and culture

WH1.2.2 Compare and contrast elements of culture (e.g., society and government, economy, technology, arts, ideas and beliefs) in the following contexts:  Greece and Rome

 

 

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Grade 6

 

Sixth Grade - Geography

What do maps, globes, and charts teach us about the world?

 

What are the five themes of geography?

 

Cartography – Maps, charts, &

geographic tools

 

EALRs

·         Identify the purposes of using different map and globe projections

·         Compare and contrast images from a variety of map and globe projections to determine the most accurate image

·         Using the seven elements of a map, create a thematic map using data and symbols that illustrate patterns of rainfall or vegetation

·         Given specific data, create a graph depicting agricultural and industrial production of a region

·        Use mental maps of nations and regions of the world to describe the relative location of a place or region

Geography

G1.1.2a Use globes, a variety of map projections, satellite imagery, and Geographic Information System (GIS) data to interpret information from a spatial perspective. (Location, Place)

G1.1.2b Use data and a variety of symbols and colors to create thematic maps, mental maps, and graphs depicting geographic information.  e.g. patterns of population, economic features, rainfall, and vegetation.  (Location, Place, Region)

 

 

 

 

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Sixth Grade - Geography

What are spatial patterns and how are they created?

What is a region?

Spacial Patterns and Regions

EALRs

·         Identify on a map or globe the specific location of places or events using the geographic grid of latitude and longitude

·         Identify on a map or globe specific types of regions including physical, cultural, and economic

·         Create a map that locates physical and political features of a major cultural or political region.  Include the 7 elements of a map

·         Create a map that demonstrates the growth of a city over time and its spatial organization

·         Analyze how agriculture impacts the human and physical environment

·         Explain the impact of transportation corridors such as rivers, roads, railroads, etc., on the development of cities

·         Compare and contrast the physical characteristics of two regions

·        Analyze and explain patterns of land use in urban, suburban, and rural areas and describe the effects of these uses

Geography

G1.2.2a Locate physical and human features and events on maps and globes. (e.g., location of cultural regions, large urban areas, now and in the past, and major land forms and climate regions. (Location, Place, Region)

G1.2.2b Analyze how human spatial patterns emerge from natural processes and human activities. (e.g. tectonic forces, climate, fires, farming, air pollution, transportation, population and urban development.  (Place, Human/Environment Interaction, Movement)

G2.1.2 Use observation, maps, and globes to identify, compare and contrast the physical characteristics of places and regions.  (e.g. wildlife, vegetation, climate, natural hazards and waterways)

(Location, Region)

G2.2.2 Use observation, maps and other tools to identify and to compare and contrast the patterns humans make on places and regions.  (e.g. cultural characteristics, population characteristics)

 

 

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Sixth Grade - Geography

What is culture?

What are the elements of culture?

Interaction:  People, the Environment, and Culture

 

EALRs

·         Examine how the increase in human population has lead to dwindling supplies of fresh water, and what problems this may create in the future

·         Illustrate on a map the deforestation that has taken place in a region over a period of time and describe its resulting effects on the environment

·         Compare and contrast the culture that developed in a desert area with one that developed in a wet area

·         Analyze how the construction of public works projects can bring about both positive and negative impacts

·        Describe the pros and cons of energy production

Geography

G3.1.2a Analyze the different ways people use the environment, identify the consequences of use and consider possible alternatives (Human/Environment Interaction, Region)

G3.1.2b Explain how the actions and interactions of human societies affect and are affected by the environment with regard to air, water, and land issues (Human/Environment Interaction, Region)

G3.2.2a Explain how the physical environment impacts how and where people live and work

G3.2.2b Examine how technology can affect people’s interaction with the environment (Human/Environment Interaction, Region, Movement)

What is meant by cultural transmission and diffusion?

How do they impact society?

Interaction:  People, the Environment, and Culture

 

EALRs

·         Using the most recent census data available, list the different ethnic groups within a state or region and describe the opportunities and difficulties they may encounter

·         Compare and contrast popular culture between generations, i.e., music, television, movies, dress, etc., and discuss whether these aspects unify or divide

·         Chart the cultural elements of a country or region (i.e., society, government, economy, technology, art, ideas and beliefs, and trade) and analyze the factors that provide a sense of common identity

·        Analyze how cultural diffusion and transmission create patterns on the landscape

Geography

G3.3.2a Identify the many groups and subcultures that exist within large societies and the ways they interact (Location, Place)

G3.3.2b Explain how some forms of cultural communication contribute to societal cohesion and/or division (Five Themes)

G3.3.2c Identify how people develop their understandings of culture through the exchange of ideas, art, music, natural resources, and goods and services

G3.3 Examine cultural characteristics, transmission, diffusion, and interaction

 

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Sixth Grade – World History (600-1600)

How did physical geography shape lives and cultures during the time period of 600-1600?

How did the movement of ideas, goods, and people affect cultures?

What were the religious and social systems of this time period and how did they influence people’s daily lives?

What significant contributions were made that advanced science, technology, and the arts?

Who had power and how was it used?

How did the struggle for power create and resolve conflicts?

Islamic Civilization (600-1600)

EALRs

·         Explain why both nomadic and stationary lifestyles developed within Islamic civilization and describe examples of each

·         Explain the impact of trade both economically and culturally on the Islamic Empire

·         Examine the relationship between Islamic religious beliefs and Islamic society

·         Trace the expansion of the Islamic Empire and the reasons for its expansion

·         Describe the contributions of the Islamic Empire to science, mathematics, medicine, arts, literature, trade, and banking

·         Describe the system of government within the Islamic Empire and the effect of its power in the lives of its citizens

·        Describe the treatment of other peoples and beliefs within the Islamic empire

Geography

G3.2.2a Explain how the physical environment impacts how and where people live and work (Human/Environment Interaction, Region, Place, Movement)

G3.3.2c Identify how people develop their understanding of culture through the exchange of ideas, art, music, natural resources, and good and services

Civics and Economics

C2.3.1b Describe a variety of forms of government

C2.3.2c Explain how various forms of government have different effects on the lives of people

E2.1.2c Understand that when trade occurs, many people benefit and have a broader range of choices

History

H2.1.2 Explain the origin and historical context of major ideas and their impact on societies

H2.2.2 Interpret how changing technologies have shaped ideas and attitudes, and analyze the impact of ideas and technological developments on society and culture

WH1.2.2 Compare and contrast elements of culture in the following context:  Islamic Civilization

 

 

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Sixth Grade – World History (Pre-History to 600)

How did physical geography shape lives and cultures during the time period of 600-1600?

What were the political, religious, and social systems in each civilization and how did they influence people’s daily lives?

What significant contributions were made in each civilization that advanced science, technology, and the arts?

How did the movement of ideas, goods, and people affect cultures?

African Kingdoms

EALRs

·         Explain how physical geography affected the development of each civilization

·         Create a physical and political map of each civilization using the seven elements of a map

·         Analyze the interaction between culture and beliefs found in this civilization

·         Describe the type of government that developed in this civilization and its effect on the lives of its citizens

·         Examine the social systems of each civilization

·         Identify and describe the achievements of this civilization in science, arts, and technology

·         Describe the types of trade that developed in each civilization and explain the effects of trade on each culture

·        Describe the ways in which people made a living in this civilization

Geography

G1.2.2a Locate physical and human features on maps

G1.2.2b Analyze how human spatial patterns emerge from natural processes and human activities

G2.1.2 Use observation, maps, and other tools to identify, compare and contrast the physical characteristics of places and regions

G3.2.2a Explain how the physical environment impacts how and where people live and work (Place, Region, Human/Environment Interaction, Movement)

G3.3.2c Identify how people develop their understandings of culture through the exchange of ideas and goods and services

Civics and Economics

C2.3.2b Describe a variety of forms of government

C2.3.2c Explain how various forms of government have different effects on the lives of people

E2.1.2c Understand that when trade occurs internationally, many people in each country benefit and have a broader range of choices

History

H2.2.2 Interpret how changing technologies have shaped ideas and attitudes, and analyze the impact of ideas and technological developments on society and culture

WH1.2.2 Compare and contrast elements of culture in the following contexts:  African Kingdoms, Meso-America, Japan

 

 

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Grade 7

 

Seventh Grade – U.S. History (Exploration)

How did physical geography shape lives and cultures during the time period of 600-1600?

What was the major economic system of this time period?

What political system developed and how did it affect daily lives of the people?

What were the religious and social systems of this time period and how did they influence people’s lives?

Europe 600-1600